440 lines
19 KiB
JSON
440 lines
19 KiB
JSON
{
|
||
"id": "A005",
|
||
"name": "事业环境因素",
|
||
"asInput": [
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P1.1",
|
||
"name": "制定项目章程",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA01",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目整合管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG01",
|
||
"processGroupName": "启动过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "项目章程是正式批准项目并授权项目经理使用组织资源的文件，可由发起人编制或由项目经理与发起机构合作编制，但必须由发起人签署发布。本过程的主要作用：（1）明确项目与组织战略目标之间的直接联系；（2）确立项目的正式地位；（3）展示组织对项目的承诺。本过程仅开展一次或仅在项目的预定义时开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P1.2",
|
||
"name": "制订项目管理计划",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA01",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目整合管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "生成一份综合文件，用于确定所有项目工作的基础及其执行方式。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P1.3",
|
||
"name": "指导与管理项目工作",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA01",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目整合管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG03",
|
||
"processGroupName": "执行过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "对项目工作和可交付成果开展综合管理，以提高项目成功的可能性。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P1.4",
|
||
"name": "管理项目知识",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA01",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目整合管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG03",
|
||
"processGroupName": "执行过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "（1）利用已有的组织知识来创造或改进项目成果；（2）使当前项目创造的知识可用于支持组织运营和未来的项目或阶段。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P1.5",
|
||
"name": "监控项目工作",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA01",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目整合管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG04",
|
||
"processGroupName": "监控过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "（1）让干系人了解项目的当前状态并认可为处理绩效问题而采取的行动；（2）通过成本和进度预测，让干系人了解项目的未来状态。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P1.6",
|
||
"name": "实施整体变更控制",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA01",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目整合管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG04",
|
||
"processGroupName": "监控过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "确保对项目中已记录在案的变更做出综合评审。如果不考虑变更对整体项目目标或计划的影响就开展变更，往往会加剧整体项目风险。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P2.1",
|
||
"name": "规划范围管理",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA02",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目范围管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "在整个项目期间对如何管理范围提供指南和方向。本过程仅开展一次或仅在项目的预定义点开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P2.2",
|
||
"name": "收集需求",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA02",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目范围管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "为定义产品范围和项目范围奠定基础。本过程仅开展一次或仅在项目的预定义点开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P2.3",
|
||
"name": "定义范围",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA02",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目范围管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "描述产品、服务或成果的边界和验收标准。本过程需要在整个项目期间多次反复开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P2.4",
|
||
"name": "创建WBS",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA02",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目范围管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "为所要交付的内容提供架构。它仅开展一次或仅在项目的预定义点开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P2.5",
|
||
"name": "确认范围",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA02",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目范围管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG04",
|
||
"processGroupName": "监控过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "（1）使验收过程具有客观性；（2）通过确认每个可交付成果来提高最终产品、服务或成果获得验收的可能性。本过程应根据需要在整个项目期间定期开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P2.6",
|
||
"name": "控制范围",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA02",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目范围管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG04",
|
||
"processGroupName": "监控过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "在整个项目期间保持对范围基准的维护。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P3.1",
|
||
"name": "规划进度管理",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA03",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目进度管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "为如何在整个项目期间管理项目进度提供指南和方向。本过程仅开展一次或仅在项目的预定义点开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P3.2",
|
||
"name": "定义活动",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA03",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目进度管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "将工作包分解为进度活动，作为对项目工作进行进度估算、规划、执行、监督和控制的基础。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P3.3",
|
||
"name": "排列活动顺序",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA03",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目进度管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "定义工作之间的逻辑顺序，以便在既定的所有项目制约因素下获得最高的效率。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P3.4",
|
||
"name": "估算活动持续时间",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA03",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目进度管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "确定完成每个活动所需花费的时间量。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P3.5",
|
||
"name": "制订进度计划",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA03",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目进度管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "为完成项目活动而制定具有计划日期的进度模型。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P3.6",
|
||
"name": "控制进度",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA03",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目进度管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG04",
|
||
"processGroupName": "监控过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "在整个项目期间保持对进度基准的维护。本过程在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P4.1",
|
||
"name": "规划成本管理",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA04",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目成本管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "在整个项目期间为如何管理项目成本提供指南和方向。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P4.2",
|
||
"name": "估算成本",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA04",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目成本管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "确定项目所需的资金。本过程应根据需要在整个项目期间定期开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P4.3",
|
||
"name": "制定预算",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA04",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目成本管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "确定可以依据其来进行监督和控制项目绩效的成本基准。项目预算包括经批准用于执行项目的全部资金，而成本基准是经过批准且按时间段分配的项目预算，包括应急储备，但不包括管理储备。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P4.4",
|
||
"name": "控制成本",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA04",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目成本管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG04",
|
||
"processGroupName": "监控过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "在整个项目期间保持对成本基准的维护。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P5.1",
|
||
"name": "规划质量管理",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA05",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目质量管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "为在整个项目期间如何管理和核实质量提供指南和方向。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P5.2",
|
||
"name": "管理质量",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA05",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目质量管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG03",
|
||
"processGroupName": "执行过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "①提高实现质量目标的可能性；②识别无效过程和导致质量低劣的原因；③使用控制质量过程的数据和结果向干系人展示项目的总体质量状态。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P5.3",
|
||
"name": "控制质量",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA05",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目质量管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG04",
|
||
"processGroupName": "监控过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "①核实项目可交付成果和工作已经达到主要干系人的质量要求，可供最终验收；②确定项目输出是否达到预期目的，这些输出需要满足所有适用标准、要求、法规和规范。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P6.1",
|
||
"name": "规划资源管理",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA06",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目资源管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "根据项目类型和复杂程度确定适用于项目资源的管理方法和管理程度。本过程仅开展一次或仅在项目的预定义点开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P6.2",
|
||
"name": "估算活动资源",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA06",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目资源管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "确定完成各项活动所需的团队与实物资源的类型、数量和特性，为制定进度、成本和采购计划提供可靠依据。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P6.3",
|
||
"name": "获取资源",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA06",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目资源管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG03",
|
||
"processGroupName": "执行过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "确保项目团队和其他资源在适当的时间和地点可用，以顺利完成项目工作。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P6.4",
|
||
"name": "建设团队",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA06",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目资源管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG03",
|
||
"processGroupName": "执行过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "提高团队成员的工作能力，促进团队成员之间的互动，并改善团队整体氛围，以提高项目绩效。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P6.5",
|
||
"name": "管理团队",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA06",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目资源管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG03",
|
||
"processGroupName": "执行过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "跟踪团队成员工作表现，提供反馈，解决问题，并协调各种变更，以优化项目绩效。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P6.6",
|
||
"name": "控制资源",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA06",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目资源管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG04",
|
||
"processGroupName": "监控过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "确保按计划为项目分配实物资源，并根据项目需求对实际资源使用与计划进行比较，必要时采取纠正措施。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P7.1",
|
||
"name": "规划沟通管理",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA07",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目沟通管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "①及时向干系人提供相关信息；②引导干系人有效参与项目；③编制书面沟通计划。本过程应根据需要在整个项目期间定期开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P7.2",
|
||
"name": "管理沟通",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA07",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目沟通管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG03",
|
||
"processGroupName": "执行过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "促成项目团队与干系人之间的有效信息流动。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P7.3",
|
||
"name": "监督沟通",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA07",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目沟通管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG04",
|
||
"processGroupName": "监控过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "按沟通管理计划和干系人参与计划的要求优化信息传递流程。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P8.1",
|
||
"name": "规划风险管理",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA08",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目风险管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "确保风险管理的水平、方法和可见度与项目风险程度相匹配，与对组织和其他干系人的重要程度相匹配。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P8.2",
|
||
"name": "识别风险",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA08",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目风险管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "①记录现有的单个项目风险，以及整体项目风险的来源；②汇总相关信息，以便项目团队能够恰当地应对已识别的风险。本过程应在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P8.3",
|
||
"name": "实施定性风险分析",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA08",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目风险管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "重点关注高优先级的风险。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P8.4",
|
||
"name": "实施定量风险分析",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA08",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目风险管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "①量化整体项目风险暴露程度，以确定实现项目目标的可能性；②提供额外的定量风险信息，以支持风险应对规划。本过程并非每个项目必需，但如果采用，它会在整个项目期间持续开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P8.5",
|
||
"name": "规划风险应对",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA08",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目风险管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "①制定应对整体项目风险和单个项目风险的适当方法；②分配资源，并根据需要将相关活动添加进项目文件和项目管理计划中。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P8.6",
|
||
"name": "实施风险应对",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA08",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目风险管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG03",
|
||
"processGroupName": "执行过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "①确保按计划执行商定的风险应对措施；②管理整体项目风险暴露，最小化单个项目威胁，以及最大化单个项目机会。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P8.7",
|
||
"name": "监督风险",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA08",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目风险管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG04",
|
||
"processGroupName": "监控过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "保证项目决策是在整体项目风险和单个项目风险当前信息的基础上进行。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P9.1",
|
||
"name": "规划采购管理",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA09",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目采购管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "确定是否从项目外部获取货物和服务，如果是，则还要确定将在什么时间、以什么方式获取什么货物和服务。本过程仅开展一次或仅在项目的预定义点开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P9.2",
|
||
"name": "实施采购",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA09",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目采购管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG03",
|
||
"processGroupName": "执行过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "选定合格卖方并签署关于货物或服务交付的法律协议。本过程的最后成果是签订的协议，包括正式合同。本过程应根据需要在整个项目期间定期开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P9.3",
|
||
"name": "控制采购",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA09",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目采购管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG04",
|
||
"processGroupName": "监控过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "确保买卖双方履行法律协议，满足项目需求。本过程应根据需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P10.1",
|
||
"name": "识别干系人",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA10",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目干系人管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG01",
|
||
"processGroupName": "启动过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "使项目团队能够建立对每个干系人或干系人群体的适度关注。本过程应根据需要在整个项目期间定期开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P10.2",
|
||
"name": "规划干系人参与",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA10",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目干系人管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG02",
|
||
"processGroupName": "规划过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "提供与干系人进行有效互动的可行计划。本过程应根据需要在整个项目期间定期开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P10.3",
|
||
"name": "管理干系人参与",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA10",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目干系人管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG03",
|
||
"processGroupName": "执行过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "尽可能提高干系人的支持度，并降低干系人的抵制程度。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "P10.4",
|
||
"name": "监督干系人参与",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaId": "KA10",
|
||
"knowledgeAreaName": "项目干系人管理",
|
||
"processGroupId": "PG04",
|
||
"processGroupName": "监控过程组",
|
||
"purpose": "随着项目进展和环境变化，维持或提升干系人参与活动的效率和效果。本过程需要在整个项目期间开展。"
|
||
}
|
||
],
|
||
"asOutput": []
|
||
}
|