16 KiB
小作文
Dear Xx,
第一段：次要目的+主要目的
I am writing this letter to... / This notice is to... 次要目的: thank you for...（/congratulate you for.../apologize for.../do sth）, and to
主要目的: ① offer you some suggestions(/information) about sth/how to do sth. ② extend you an invitation to do sth. ③ recommend you sth. ④ do sth.
第二段：主体段整体架构：
Regarding 主题,there are several points I would like to mention. First of all,论点1. What's more, 论点2. In addition,论点3. For more details,you could refer to the attachment below.
1. 是什么（说明介绍）
1.1 时间地点 ① It will be held / It is located in(behind) the Main Building (next Sunday) ② we will gather in the Main Building next Sunday and set off to the spot ( and please make sure you are available then).
1.2 工作人员指导 ① our staff will be there to provide you necessary guidance.
1.3 着装要求 ① it is highly recommended to be properly/warmly/plainly dressed for the occasion
2. 为什么选 ta（分析利弊）
2.1 权威认可 ① has (have) an official award (/qualification / recognition) from the authority. ② is (are) awarded with the title of Material (/Intangible) Cultural Heritage from the United Nations. 2.2 群众基础 ① enjoys (enjoy) a widespread popularity (/reputation /concern) among 人民群众（/on multiple social platforms).
2.3 个人喜欢 ① I personally find it attractive（/interesting/beneficial/necessary) to do sth.
3. 怎么办（建议意见）
3.1 端正认识 ① it’s advisable to put things into perspective and establish a correct value about sth primarily.
3.2实践经验 ① you could look for relevant (/ advanced / international / historical) experience in this aspect on Zhihu Community.
3.3 知行合一 ① a practical and reasonable plan should be promptly carried out and remain high on your agenda
尾段：对读信人的期望：
不回信： ① I would be glad if you find the information(/ suggestions) mentioned above helpful. Please feel free to let me know if you have any further questions.
回信： ①I would appreciate it if you could take my complaint (/application/resignation/recommendation/invitation/questions) into consideration. And I am looking forward to your favorable reply.
Yours truly
Li Ming
图表
第一段 图表描述段 5行
第1句：图表总体描述
- Were it not for the chart above, a thought-provoking phenomenon would be neglected:
第2-3句：图表细节描述
-
2 年数据对比：第一句下降，第二句上升，第三句不变
- In 开始年, 最大值的名词B topped the three 主题词（categories）, while in 对比年, a remarkable decline occurred in it by 差值 from 开始年数值 to 结束年数值.
- By contrast, there was a noticeable jump of 差值 from 开始年数值 to 结束年数值 during the same period in A
- Meanwhile C grew/decreased at a far more sluggish pace, to the degree that it seemed to remain static in 2008.
-
多年数据对比：第一句上升，第二句下降，第三句不变
- From 开始年 to 结束年, the number of 主题词1 augmented remarkably from only about 起始值 to 结束值.
- By contrast, the amount of 主题词2, exceeding individuals' expectation, dipped dramatically（/slightly）from 起始值 to 结束值 during the same period,
- Meanwhile C grew/decreased at a far more sluggish pace, to the degree that it seemed to remain static in 2008.
-
没有时间表现：第一句最大的，第二句其他的
- The percentage of A is the highest amongst all the 种类总数 categories, at approximately 对应百分数, whereas the data of B, C, D as well as others accounts for about 数 2, 数 3, 数 4, and 数 5 respectively.
-
表格：每列最大值
- The percentage of A类中最大值对应的人1 has peaked among A类, at approximately A类中最大值%.
- Meanwhile, the proportions of B类 are highest for B类中最大值对应的人2, at roughly B类中最大值%.
- In contrast, C类 is C类中最大值% amongst those C类中最大值对应的人3, the maximum value among all these categories.
Meanwhile, the proportions of B类 are equal between 人1 and 人2, at roughly xxx%.
上升词汇：increased、augmented 下降词汇：decreased、dipped 轻微上升/下降：Meanwhile , 主题词 increased/decreased at a far more sluggish pace, to the degree that it seemed to remain static in 2008 平稳不变：Meanwhile , 主题词 has remained almost constant. 波动平缓：Meanwhile , the fluctuation of 主题词 is relatively slight.
第二段 原因分析段 10-11行
The fundamental factors that contribute to the aforementioned tendency may be expounded as below. Initially，原因1. Additionally,原因2.Finally,原因3.
==1.社会经济科技发展==
经济基础的提升为个人从事积极行为提供了支持和可能性。 经济利益的过度追求导致了一些不良现象或行为的产生。
第一句： a well-known saying from Karl Heinrich Marx's "Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right(1843)" should be quoted here:"Economic basis decides superstructure".
第二句： ①好In the face of the very pluralistic society, many individuals, if not most, are becoming increasingly wealthy(形容词), which provides them with a fundamental basis in the economic level of doing sth. ②坏In the face of the very pluralistic society, many individuals, if not most, are becoming increasingly money-oriented(形容词), which triggers to the tendency/phenomenon of doing sth
2.经济全球化、都市化
社会经济的新阶段推动了个人和社会的多方面进步。 快速发展和竞争压力导致了个人和社会层面的多种问题。
①好The human race having entered a completely new stage in its history,with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, brought to our attention are more enhancements both in individuals and society,embracing the one mentioned above——XX名词短语 ②坏The human race having entered a completely new stage in its history,with the great strain and intense competition,brought to our attention are more problems both in individuals and society,embracing the one mentioned above——XX名词短语 ](作文例句.md#2.经济全球化、都市化)
3.人们的行为道德-社会经济利益
- 经济发展人们没有让逐利本性淹没了良心
- 经济发展人们逐利本性淹没了良心
①好Probably,these individuals' gratifying behavior can be interpreted by their sufficient appreciation of sth.The root cause,however,lies in the fact that their consciences never give way to selfishness,nor do they revel in the huge profits made from materialistic pursuits.. ②坏Probably,these individuals' blameworthy behavior can be interpreted by their lack of knowledge of sth.The root cause,however,lies in the fact that their consciences give way to selfishness and revel in the huge profits made from XX.
4.社会风气
- 传统价值传承，促进了道德水平的提升。
- 现代生活压力导致人们趋于功利化 ①好Among the trends sweeping across our world moral enhancement,which indicates that some traditional values一notably,XX一have been carried forward. ②坏The strain of modern life has exposed a Pandora's box of problems that individuals are becoming increasingly 形容词(profit-oriented) and thus tend to do sth.
==5.人们思想转变==
- 人们思想转变，过去认为重要的事物现在不重要了 The tendency has been bound up with the turning of people' outlooks and perspectives on 主题词.In other words,the fact that sth（之前觉得重要的) is no longer as essential as it used to be demonstrates what really counts is sth(现在觉得重要的东西)
注意：动态数据用tendency，静态数据用data
6.文化的多样性/包容性
- 文化化多样性包容性使得选择多种多样 A rational choice,especially at a critical moment,counts a lot because it determines what the future holds. Despite the above,noting the inevitable diversity and inclusiveness of culture,there are an array of options facing every person——and some of them choose the very way of doing sth.
==7.政府/学校==
- 机构或大学积极监督引导，推动了...
- 机构或大学没有监督引导，导致了...
①好The local administration/universities,exerting effective and strict supervision on sth(/playing a crucial role in enhancing these ideas showed in the chart ), make it possible for us to keep abreast of the latest news and spare no efforts to achieve our goals accounting for the phenomenon that XX ②坏The local administration/universities,failing to exert effective and strict supervision on sth(/play a crucial role in enhancing these ideas showed in the chart ), make it less possible for us to keep abreast of the latest news and spare no efforts to achieve our goals accounting for the phenomenon that XX
==8.多媒体==
- 媒体宣传正确价值观，引导人们做某事。 ①好Furthermore, all kinds of publicity, be they newspapers or the Internet, advocate vigorously what really matters is 主题词，inducing dwellers to do sth.
==9.个人==
经历磨难才能收获美好 忽视品质导致年轻人重表面轻内涵
①好How can we see the rainbow without experiencing storms? Only by going through the rapids can it be possible to build many beauties beyond description, with 主题词 being necessary. ②坏Ignoring 主题词 makes the young seek the glamorous appearance simply but fail to value inner endeavor and persistence,factors critical to the formation of their current views of life. ③例子A proper example is 人名 ，头衔，whose success stems largely from his/her emphasis on 某种品质
10.流行病的影响
- 疫情消退但持续影响人们 ①Despite the recession of the COVID-19 pandemic and the lifting of pandemic control measures, its profound impact remains. From psychology to life habits, people are still affected by it, realizing that the surroundings are challenging ,and thus tend to do sth (/be aware of the importance of 主题词) than ever before.
第三段 归纳总结段 1-3行
选择1：好，主题词对社会有益 Altogether,主题词 is deemed as not only a catalyst for the success of sth but also a bedrock of social progress.
选择2：中性，多种选择一静态图 On balance, 主题词 is a subjective(/sensory) experience for today's individuals（/undergraduates) as what they focus on are the factors affecting the whole experience——to be held in high regard by 相关产业(/society).
选择3：动态图：趋势 This trend，in the background of economic boom in China, will probably become dominant in the foreseeable future.
选择4：神话故事+表中有褒贬色彩主旨 Without a clear understanding of the current state of affairs，we would steer between Scylla and Charybdis.
选择5：双刃剑 supposing that individuals are armed with intelligence and caution, they are supposed to bypass the potential drawbacks of sth as well as take advantage of all the merits.
图画
第一段
第 1 句：总体描述 ①Were it not for the drawing above,a thought-provoking phenomenon would be neglected:
第 2 句：图画细节描述 ==2.1 单图== 在这个场景中，有一个中心人物做着什么事，这个中心人物是怎样的，与周边事物发生了什么，周边事物又是怎样的。 Step1：找到核心人物：位置+动作——倒装 Step2：其他可描述的内容：说话，神情，其他动作——非谓语 Step3：找到周边事物：主人公，周边人/事——定从 At a crossroads stand an army of graduates,wearing with an air of confusion in their faces, who are faced with four choices: hunting for jobs,taking the Postgraduate Entrance Examination, going abroad and starting a business.
第 3 句：文字说明 or 表达感受 ①At the bottom of the drawing is the caption which reads"XX" ②At the bottom of the drawing，a sentence stands there prominently, which can be briefly interpreted in this way: XX ③What an enlightening drawing it is! ④What enlightening drawings they are!
第二段
第 1 句：主旨句 The drawing crystallizes a truth:主题词，a component critical to life success,is the least to disregard. 第2~4句：2-3个万能原因
第三段
第1句：总结全文 ①好Altogether, 主题词 is deemed as not only a catalyst for the success of sth but also a bedrock of social progress. ②坏as has been mentioned above,countermeasures should be taken immediately so as to reverse the grim situation. ③双刃剑Altogether，主题词，if handled carelessly or without restraints——despite the fact that it is already particularly prevalent——might be a double-edged sword
第2句：六大万能建议 一、社会道德教育 The fundamental approach to solving this problem is to launch extensive education on social morality,making people truly aware of the significance of 主题词.
二、改善社会风气 At the mention of suggestions and measures,it occurs to many people that strong punitive actions,like laws and regulations,are bound to be issued. Actually,they are not a universal panacea,and the fundamental approach is to launch an extensive education on social morality, making people truly aware of the significance of 主题词,thus abandoning uncivilized behavior initially.
三、政府、学校 As a cradle of talents,it is of importance for universities to exert a positive cultural influence on the public and enhance the young's desire for knowledge;that is to say, universities are bound to make the rules for undergraduates——setting good examples for others.
四、多媒体/名人 The worthies——especially those unusually informed, persuasive and well-connected——not only Chinese but also foreign ones,in cooperation,are obliged to do something useful,say,advocating 主题词 vigorously.
五、多媒体/社团 Related organizations are supposed to launch high-visibility campaigns to help us discard the undesirable habits and remold healthy value systems, which is absolutely imperative.
六、个人 Full of obstacles as life is,it can be easier when you know how to keep yourself mentally healthy——for example,being a 与主题词相关的adj ,person,a lesson that all college students should take.
第3句：下结论+展望未来 ①Life is like a colossal ship sailing on the sea,in which at any moment we will meet storms or reefs,but if we insist on 主题词，the ship will never sink. ②坏Supposing that we want to avoid making similar mistakes in the future,everybody——especially the most intelligent and prominent——would do well to do sth. An epigram of Oscar Wilde should be quoted here:"There is no fault except sth." ③双刃剑Supposing that individuals are armed with intellect, caution and discretion,they are bound to bypass the potential drawbacks of 主题词 as well as take advantage of all the virtues.